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Generally speaking, drugs that affect an organism's metabolism are those that are broken down by the body's metabolic pathways, which frequently involve liver enzymes such as those in the cytochrome P450 family. These medications' duration of action and excretion may be impacted by a variety of metabolic processes, including oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis, and conjugation. Another important factor is the gut microbiota, where bacteria eitherdirectly metabolize medications or have an impact on human metabolic processes.The majority of medications are chemically changed by different body systems to produce molecules that are easier for the body to eliminate. These chemical changes, referred to as biotransformations, mostly take place in the liver. Planning customized pharmacological interventions for patients requires an understanding of the molecular changes that medicines go through during metabolism. This exercise goes on polypharmacy, biotransformations, and drug metabolism. There is discussion of the interprofessional team's role in providing care for patients who take several drugs.The science of drug metabolism is crucial to drug research and discovery and its impacts on safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics should all be carefully taken into account. In order to improve PK/PD and safety profiles of drug candidates, this communication summarizes common strategies in the field of drug metabolism. These include, but are not limited to, working with medicinal chemists on structure–activity relationships (SAR) to overcome high clearance, optimizing a lead further through deuterium replacement, using prodrug approaches to get around formulation and delivery challenges, and addressing issues like species differences in metabolism, drug–drug interactions (DDI), and the formation of reactive metabolites

  • Read count 37
  • Date of publication 06-09-2025
  • Main LanguageIngliz
  • Pages7-14
English

Generally speaking, drugs that affect an organism's metabolism are those that are broken down by the body's metabolic pathways, which frequently involve liver enzymes such as those in the cytochrome P450 family. These medications' duration of action and excretion may be impacted by a variety of metabolic processes, including oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis, and conjugation. Another important factor is the gut microbiota, where bacteria eitherdirectly metabolize medications or have an impact on human metabolic processes.The majority of medications are chemically changed by different body systems to produce molecules that are easier for the body to eliminate. These chemical changes, referred to as biotransformations, mostly take place in the liver. Planning customized pharmacological interventions for patients requires an understanding of the molecular changes that medicines go through during metabolism. This exercise goes on polypharmacy, biotransformations, and drug metabolism. There is discussion of the interprofessional team's role in providing care for patients who take several drugs.The science of drug metabolism is crucial to drug research and discovery and its impacts on safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics should all be carefully taken into account. In order to improve PK/PD and safety profiles of drug candidates, this communication summarizes common strategies in the field of drug metabolism. These include, but are not limited to, working with medicinal chemists on structure–activity relationships (SAR) to overcome high clearance, optimizing a lead further through deuterium replacement, using prodrug approaches to get around formulation and delivery challenges, and addressing issues like species differences in metabolism, drug–drug interactions (DDI), and the formation of reactive metabolites

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